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 bacteria [bæk'tɪrɪə]   添加此单词到默认生词本
pl. 细菌

[医] 细菌, [无芽胞]杆菌


  1. Many diseases are caused by bacteria.
    许多疾病是由细菌引起的。
  2. Bacteria are too small to see with the naked eye.
    细菌太小，肉眼看不见。
  3. It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the laboratory.
    在实验室能够繁殖细菌和其他生物.


bacteria
[ noun ]
(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants
<noun.animal>


Bacteria \Bac*te"ri*a\, n. pl.
See {Bacterium}.


Bacterium \Bac*te"ri*um\ (b[a^]k*t[=e]"r[i^]*[u^]m), n.; pl.
{Bacteria} (b[a^]k*t[=e]"r[i^]*[.a]). [NL., fr. Gr.
bakth`rion, ba`ktron, a staff: cf. F. bact['e]rie.] (Biol.)
A microscopic single-celled organism having no
distinguishable nucleus, belonging to the kingdom Monera.
Bacteria have varying shapes, usually taking the form of a
jointed rodlike filament, or a small sphere, but also in
certain cases having a branched form. Bacteria are destitute
of chlorophyll, but in those members of the phylum Cyanophyta
(the blue-green algae) other light-absorbing pigments are
present. They are the smallest of microscopic organisms which
have their own metabolic processes carried on within cell
membranes, viruses being smaller but not capable of living
freely. The bacteria are very widely diffused in nature, and
multiply with marvelous rapidity, both by fission and by
spores. Bacteria may require oxygen for their
energy-producing metabolism, and these are called {aerobes};
or may multiply in the absence of oxygen, these forms being
{anaerobes}. Certain species are active agents in
fermentation, while others appear to be the cause of certain
infectious diseases. The branch of science with studies
bacteria is {bacteriology}, being a division of
{microbiology}. See {Bacillus}.
[1913 Webster +PJC]

  1. "Windows cannot be opened without a screen to keep flies and bacteria from coming in freely," Vice Education Minister He Dongchang said in a recent interview.
  2. Eventually, it may be possible for farmers and home gardeners to make bad microbes anemic by loading the soil with certain beneficial bacteria that will deprive the pathogens of their iron supply.
  3. The bacteria also were used in June, after the supertanker Mega Borg exploded 57 miles off Galveston.
  4. For instance, a bacteria that resists the formation of ice has been sprayed on strawberries to help the plants resist frost.
  5. Three West Germans won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for determining the structure of proteins that plants and some bacteria need to convert sunlight to energy through photosynthesis.
  6. But PCR is opening even more windows in diagnostic medicine, where its ability to pinpoint genes much more adeptly and quickly than other methods has aided researchers in identifying the bacteria, viruses and mutant genes that cause disease.
  7. The bacteria in turn produces a spider silk protein.
  8. Scientists also suspect that certain salmonella bacteria can be transmitted from an infected hen directly to the egg interior. While the extent of the problem is not known, the risk of illness remains small, according to the USDA.
  9. Glaxo shares fell in New York and London trading as rumors circulated regarding the role played by bacteria in causing ulcers.
  10. A cow or sheep, for example, might be a cheaper means of producing genetically engineered drugs than bacteria and yeasts.
  11. The sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a common bacteria that grows in water, including that in air-conditioning ducts.
  12. If field tests of the genetically altered bacteria "proceed on schedule," BioTechnica said, the bacteria may be available to farmers within three years.
  13. If field tests of the genetically altered bacteria "proceed on schedule," BioTechnica said, the bacteria may be available to farmers within three years.
  14. It produces symptoms similar to pneumonia and often caused by bacteria from water-cooled air conditioning units.
  15. In Jewell's two-step system, raw sewage is partially cleaned in a tankful of bacteria, then piped into long, low troughs in a greenhouse, where it provides a "nutrient film" on which plants thrive.
  16. The others are included for bacteria in reservoirs or for supplying inadequate data. However, Mr Healey said drinking water 'is of a very high quality'.
  17. "There's no excuse for a public water system to be distributing water that exceeds the bacteriological standards," said Dean, since bacteria are easily killed by cheap, well-understood chlorination.
  18. Harmful bacteria could grow in the uncooked beans.
  19. Scientists at the Getty Conservation Institute used cotton swabs to collect bacteria and fungi from her surface for use in tests that led to development of the new case.
  20. So the revolution can by no means be branded a failure." Former junior health minister Edwina Currie emerged smiling Wednesday from a grilling by fellow lawmakers over her remark that most British egg production was affected by food poisoning bacteria.
  21. In 1906, the bacteriologist Calmette isolated a culture of bovine TB bacteria, which he and Guarin mutated and bred in the laboratory until they had a non-virulent strain.
  22. But in order to get the gene of the bacteria into the white blood cells, Rosenberg proposed to use a mouse leukemia retrovirus.
  23. Conventional refrigerated foods like milk or butter typically show signs of spoilage, and their processing is geared toward eliminating bacteria through techniques such as pasteurizing.
  24. Reports of illness from shigella bacteria, which causes acute diarrhea, nearly doubled in a two-year span, federal health officials reported Thursday.
  25. The types of Clostridium bacteria found can cause gangrene and abcesses, while related species cause botulism and tetanus, Kowalewska-Grochowska said.
  26. The mixing of genes through sex gives the offspring a much better chance of withstanding the host of viruses, bacteria and other parasites that plagued their parents.
  27. Cooked tomatoes and tomato products aren't considered a potential problem because cooking destroys the salmonella bacteria, Turnock said.
  28. A 3-year-old recovering from a five-organ transplant is being given antibiotics to combat bacteria in her bloodstream, hospital officials said.
  29. Johnson said he and his colleagues showed in 1986 that injecting dead Lyme disease bacteria into hamsters would protect them against infection.
  30. So, the molecules are mixed with starch, which the bacteria or fungi can eat, breaking the plastic molecules down into smaller, bite-sized pieces.
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