n. 基础, 入门, 雏形, 退化器官

[医] 原基, 始基, 残遗器官, 痕迹器官, 遗迹

Rudiment \Ru"di*ment\, v. t.
To furnish with first principles or rules; to insrtuct in the
rudiments. --Gayton.


Rudiment \Ru"di*ment\, n. [L. rudimentum, fr. rudis unwrought,
ignorant, rude: cf. F. rudiment. See {Rude}.]
1. That which is unformed or undeveloped; the principle which
lies at the bottom of any development; an unfinished
beginning.

but I will bring thee where thou soon shalt quit
Those rudiments, and see before thine eyes
The monarchies of the earth. --Milton.

the single leaf is the rudiment of beauty in
landscape. --I. Taylor.

2. Hence, an element or first principle of any art or
science; a beginning of any knowledge; a first step.

This boy is forest-born,
And hath been tutored in the rudiments
of many desperate studies. --Shak.

There he shall first lay down the rudiments
Of his great warfare. --Milton.

3. (Biol.) An imperfect organ or part, or one which is never
developed.