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 surface ['sɚfɪs]   添加此单词到默认生词本
n. 面, 表面, 水面, 外表, 平面

a. 表面的, 外观的, 肤浅的, 水面上的

vt. 使成平面, 使浮出水面

vi. 浮出水面, 呈现, 在地面上工作

[化] 表面

[医] 面, 表面




    surface
    [ noun ]
    1. the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

    2. <noun.artifact>
      there is a special cleaner for these surfaces
      the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface
    3. the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object

    4. <noun.location>
      they skimmed over the surface of the water
      a brush small enough to clean every dental surface
      the sun has no distinct surface
    5. the outermost level of the land or sea

    6. <noun.object>
      earthquakes originate far below the surface
      three quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water
    7. a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something

    8. <noun.cognition>
      it was not what it appeared to be on the surface
    9. information that has become public

    10. <noun.cognition>
      all the reports were out in the open
      the facts had been brought to the surface
    11. a device that provides reactive force when in motion relative to the surrounding air; can lift or control a plane in flight

    12. <noun.artifact>
    [ verb ]
    1. come to the surface

    2. <verb.motion> come up rise rise up
    3. put a coat on; cover the surface of; furnish with a surface

    4. <verb.contact>
      coat
      coat the cake with chocolate
    5. appear or become visible; make a showing

    6. <verb.change>
      come on come out show up turn up
      She turned up at the funeral
      I hope the list key is going to surface again
    [ adj ]
    1. on the surface

    2. <adj.all>
      surface materials of the moon


    Surface \Sur"face\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Surfaced}; p. pr. & vb.
    n. {Surfacing}.]
    1. To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a
    smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.

    2. To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting
    for gold.


    Surface \Sur"face\, v. i.
    1. To rise from the depths of a liquid to the surface; as,
    the submarine surfaced to recharge its batteries.
    [PJC]

    2. To become known or public; -- said of information.
    [PJC]

    3. To show up, as a person who was in hiding; as, he
    absconded with the payroll and surfaced in Argentina.
    [PJC]


    Surface \Sur"face`\, n. [F. See {Sur-}, and {Face}, and cf.
    {Superficial}.]
    1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth;
    one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face;
    superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth;
    the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.

    The bright surface of this ethereous mold. --Milton.

    2. Hence, outward or external appearance.

    Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no
    deeper than the surface. --V. Knox.

    3. (Geom.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without
    thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical
    surface.

    4. (Fort.) That part of the side which is terminated by the
    flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
    --Stocqueler.

    {Caustic surface}, {Heating surface}, etc. See under
    {Caustic}, {Heating}, etc.

    {Surface condensation}, {Surface condenser}. See under
    {Condensation}, and {Condenser}.

    {Surface gauge} (Mach.), an instrument consisting of a
    standard having a flat base and carrying an adjustable
    pointer, for gauging the evenness of a surface or its
    height, or for marking a line parallel with a surface.

    {Surface grub} (Zo["o]l.), the larva of the great yellow
    underwing moth ({Triph[oe]na pronuba}). It is often
    destructive to the roots of grasses and other plants.

    {Surface plate} (Mach.), a plate having an accurately dressed
    flat surface, used as a standard of flatness by which to
    test other surfaces.

    {Surface printing}, printing from a surface in relief, as
    from type, in distinction from plate printing, in which
    the ink is contained in engraved lines.

    1. This year Boeing was awarded $85 million for research and development of the Sea Lance, a conventional warhead being developed to attack submarines at long range from surface ships and other submarines.
    2. The 1- by 3-inch video camera is guided down clear plastic tubes inserted in the bean rows and used to record root growth from a few inches to more than 3 feet below the surface.
    3. Yet, private economists looking below the surface and into the fhing might be awry.
    4. There was speculation another bidder may surface for the company, which has agreed to be acquired for $77 a share.
    5. Danielsson's 330-ton corvette is armed with artillery and depth charges that could sink a sub, but much of its weaponry is intended to punch holes in the hull of a sub and force it to the surface, rather than destroy it.
    6. Both the U.S. Surgical and Johnson & Johnson devices are for use in laparoscopic surgery, or surgery that requires only a small surface incision in the skin.
    7. 'You will never get the same intensity of colour with microfibres,' says Bartle. The greater surface area can be useful, however.
    8. Now I do. In the crystal-clear waters of Lake Lucerne, I see swans plunge their necks downwards and sweep the bottom with their bills, watch flocks of ducks use their wings to swim along under the surface as if in flight.
    9. The yen has been under pressure recently because of Japan's relatively low interest rates and as rumors of anotehr stock scandal start to surface.
    10. Person said the quake was felt across a wide area because it was centered 75 miles below the earth's surface.
    11. The student loan problems came to the surface when the Department of Education decided to withdraw a federal guarantee on the loans, triggering the prospect that the huge defaults would be borne by banks that backed the loans with letters of credit.
    12. The other four-fifths lie below the surface. The criterion is what Hemingway called 'writing truly', for which purpose he said the writer had to have a built in 'shit-detector'.
    13. Rescue divers watched helplessly from the ocean's surface as a 12-foot shark fed on the body of a scuba diver who had failed to return from an outing the night before.
    14. The report has been submitted to the commander of surface forces for the Atlantic Fleet in Norfolk, Va., and will eventually land on Defense Secretary Dick Cheney's desk after being passed up the chain of command.
    15. The new drill, which can be lowered from any ship, will be "smarter" than current drills which cannot be adjusted from the surface once they are running.
    16. The process helped him achieve the lush surface and warm colors he loved, but it also proved to be a great danger for collectors.
    17. The method eliminates the time- and energy-consuming steps of cooling the slabs to room temperature to be inspected, cleaned of surface defects and reheated.
    18. But as the fashion for emerging country shares spreads ever wider, nagging worries surface about the risk of overkill. On technical grounds such concern looks premature.
    19. The likeness lies with a presence not closely described but known and sensed, as it blinked and, shifted, alive in every broad sweep of the brush across the surface of the canvas.
    20. If the heat is too intense, instead of settling into the surface of the vessel the metal salts vaporise and disappear.
    21. No race riots have rocked the country since 1969, but racial tensions are close to the surface.
    22. The prospect that the Fed might ease monetary conditions began to surface a few weeks ago when some economists and analysts began to focus on the weak growth in the nation's money supply.
    23. Magellan's mission is to map up to 90 percent of Venus' surface using radar to peer through the planet's thick clouds, which prevent the use of optical cameras.
    24. The Trident programme, Mr Davies says, will be 'several tens of millions' cheaper to the government if VSEL gets back to making surface ships as well.
    25. But some poll-takers say that just below the surface, public discontent is quite strong.
    26. The two Soviet spacecraft are to enter the gravitational pull of Mars in January and fall into orbit just behind Phobos for a three-month study of the Martian surface, atmosphere and magnetic field.
    27. Below the surface of a God-fearing, deeply moralistic community, old Adam was up to his usual games. Sexuality, however, was not the only problem.
    28. Hysteria is never far below the surface, though surprisingly Divine Words seems to end on a note of christian forgiveness: 'Let he is who is without sin cast the first stone.'
    29. Only a section of its superstructure remains above the surface.
    30. Here, too, the Bush administration refuses to accept limits on the weapons carried aboard nuclear submarines and surface ships.
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