stand的过去式和过去分词

Stand \Stand\ (st[a^]nd), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Stood}
(st[oo^]d); p. pr. & vb. n. {Standing}.] [OE. standen; AS.
standan; akin to OFries. stonda, st[=a]n, D. staan, OS.
standan, st[=a]n, OHG. stantan, st[=a]n, G. stehen, Icel.
standa, Dan. staae, Sw. st[*a], Goth. standan, Russ. stoiate,
L. stare, Gr. 'ista`nai to cause to stand, sth^nai to stand,
Skr. sth[=a]. [root]163. Cf. {Assist}, {Constant},
{Contrast}, {Desist}, {Destine}, {Ecstasy}, {Exist},
{Interstice}, {Obstacle}, {Obstinate}, {Prest}, n., {Rest}
remainder, {Solstice}, {Stable}, a. & n., {Staff}, {Stage},
{Stall}, n., {Stamen}, {Stanchion}, {Stanza}, {State}, n.,
{Statute}, {Stead}, {Steed}, {Stool}, {Stud} of horses,
{Substance}, {System}.]
1. To be at rest in an erect position; to be fixed in an
upright or firm position; as:
(a) To be supported on the feet, in an erect or nearly
erect position; -- opposed to {lie}, {sit}, {kneel},
etc. ``I pray you all, stand up!'' --Shak.
(b) To continue upright in a certain locality, as a tree
fixed by the roots, or a building resting on its
foundation.

It stands as it were to the ground yglued.
--Chaucer.

The ruined wall
Stands when its wind-worn battlements are gone.
--Byron.

2. To occupy or hold a place; to have a situation; to be
situated or located; as, Paris stands on the Seine.

Wite ye not where there stands a little town?
--Chaucer.

3. To cease from progress; not to proceed; to stop; to pause;
to halt; to remain stationary.

I charge thee, stand,
And tell thy name. --Dryden.

The star, which they saw in the east, went before
them, till it came and stood over where the young
child was. --Matt. ii. 9.

4. To remain without ruin or injury; to hold good against
tendencies to impair or injure; to be permanent; to
endure; to last; hence, to find endurance, strength, or
resources.

My mind on its own center stands unmoved. --Dryden.

5. To maintain one's ground; to be acquitted; not to fail or
yield; to be safe.

Readers by whose judgment I would stand or fall.
--Spectator.

6. To maintain an invincible or permanent attitude; to be
fixed, steady, or firm; to take a position in resistance
or opposition. ``The standing pattern of their
imitation.'' --South.

The king granted the Jews . . . to gather themselves
together, and to stand for their life. --Esther
viii. 11.

7. To adhere to fixed principles; to maintain moral
rectitude; to keep from falling into error or vice.

We must labor so as to stand with godliness,
according to his appointment. --Latimer.

8. To have or maintain a position, order, or rank; to be in a
particular relation; as, Christian charity, or love,
stands first in the rank of gifts.

9. To be in some particular state; to have essence or being;
to be; to consist. ``Sacrifices . . . which stood only in
meats and drinks.'' --Heb. ix. 10.

Accomplish what your signs foreshow;
I stand resigned, and am prepared to go. --Dryden.

Thou seest how it stands with me, and that I may not
tarry. --Sir W.
Scott.

10. To be consistent; to agree; to accord.

Doubt me not; by heaven, I will do nothing
But what may stand with honor. --Massinger.

11. (Naut.) To hold a course at sea; as, to stand from the
shore; to stand for the harbor.

From the same parts of heaven his navy stands.
--Dryden.

12. To offer one's self, or to be offered, as a candidate.

He stood to be elected one of the proctors of the
university. --Walton.

13. To stagnate; not to flow; to be motionless.

Or the black water of Pomptina stands. --Dryden.

14. To measure when erect on the feet.

Six feet two, as I think, he stands. --Tennyson.

15. (Law)
(a) To be or remain as it is; to continue in force; to
have efficacy or validity; to abide. --Bouvier.
(b) To appear in court. --Burrill.

16. (Card Playing) To be, or signify that one is, willing to
play with one's hand as dealt.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

{Stand by} (Naut.), a preparatory order, equivalent to {Be
ready}.

{To stand against}, to oppose; to resist.

{To stand by}.
(a) To be near; to be a spectator; to be present.
(b) To be aside; to be set aside with disregard. ``In the
interim [we] let the commands stand by neglected.''
--Dr. H. More.
(c) To maintain; to defend; to support; not to desert;
as, to stand by one's principles or party.
(d) To rest on for support; to be supported by.
--Whitgift.
(e) To remain as a spectator, and take no part in an
action; as, we can't just stand idly by while people
are being killed.

{To stand corrected}, to be set right, as after an error in a
statement of fact; to admit having been in error.
--Wycherley.

{To stand fast}, to be fixed; to be unshaken or immovable.

{To stand firmly on}, to be satisfied or convinced of.
``Though Page be a secure fool, and stands so firmly on
his wife's frailty.'' --Shak.

{To stand for}.
(a) To side with; to espouse the cause of; to support; to
maintain, or to profess or attempt to maintain; to
defend. ``I stand wholly for you.'' --Shak.
(b) To be in the place of; to be the substitute or
representative of; to represent; as, a cipher at the
left hand of a figure stands for nothing. ``I will
not trouble myself, whether these names stand for the
same thing, or really include one another.'' --Locke.
(c) To tolerate; as, I won't stand for any delay.

{To stand in}, to cost. ``The same standeth them in much less
cost.'' --Robynson (More's Utopia).

The Punic wars could not have stood the human race
in less than three millions of the species. --Burke.

{To stand in hand}, to conduce to one's interest; to be
serviceable or advantageous.

{To stand off}.
(a) To keep at a distance.
(b) Not to comply.
(c) To keep at a distance in friendship, social
intercourse, or acquaintance.
(d) To appear prominent; to have relief. ``Picture is
best when it standeth off, as if it were carved.''
--Sir H. Wotton.

{To stand off and on} (Naut.), to remain near a coast by
sailing toward land and then from it.

{To stand on} (Naut.), to continue on the same tack or
course.

{To stand out}.
(a) To project; to be prominent. ``Their eyes stand out
with fatness.'' --Psalm lxxiii. 7.
(b) To persist in opposition or resistance; not to yield
or comply; not to give way or recede.

His spirit is come in,
That so stood out against the holy church.
--Shak.

{To stand to}.
(a) To ply; to urge; to persevere in using. ``Stand to
your tackles, mates, and stretch your oars.''
--Dryden.
(b) To remain fixed in a purpose or opinion. ``I will
stand to it, that this is his sense.'' --Bp.
Stillingfleet.
(c) To abide by; to adhere to; as to a contract,
assertion, promise, etc.; as, to stand to an award;
to stand to one's word.
(d) Not to yield; not to fly; to maintain, as one's
ground. ``Their lives and fortunes were put in
safety, whether they stood to it or ran away.''
--Bacon.
(e) To be consistent with; to agree with; as, it stands
to reason that he could not have done so; same as
{stand with}, below .
(f) To support; to uphold. ``Stand to me in this cause.''
--Shak.

{To stand together}, to be consistent; to agree.

{To stand to reason} to be reasonable; to be expected.

{To stand to sea} (Naut.), to direct the course from land.

{To stand under}, to undergo; to withstand. --Shak.

{To stand up}.
(a) To rise from sitting; to be on the feet.
(b) To arise in order to speak or act. ``Against whom,
when the accusers stood up, they brought none
accusation of such things as I supposed.'' --Acts
xxv. 18.
(c) To rise and stand on end, as the hair.
(d) To put one's self in opposition; to contend. ``Once
we stood up about the corn.'' --Shak.

{To stand up for}, to defend; to justify; to support, or
attempt to support; as, to stand up for the
administration.

{To stand upon}.
(a) To concern; to interest.
(b) To value; to esteem. ``We highly esteem and stand
much upon our birth.'' --Ray.
(c) To insist on; to attach much importance to; as, to
stand upon security; to stand upon ceremony.
(d) To attack; to assault. [A Hebraism] ``So I stood upon
him, and slew him.'' --2 Sam. i. 10.

{To stand with}, to be consistent with. ``It stands with
reason that they should be rewarded liberally.'' --Sir J.
Davies.


Stood \Stood\,
imp. & p. p. of {Stand}.