[医] 染色法, 染色

Stain \Stain\ (st[=a]n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Stained}
(st[=a]nd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Staining}.] [Abbrev. fr.
distain.]
1. To discolor by the application of foreign matter; to make
foul; to spot; as, to stain the hand with dye; armor
stained with blood.

2. To color, as wood, glass, paper, cloth, or the like, by
processes affecting, chemically or otherwise, the material
itself; to tinge with a color or colors combining with, or
penetrating, the substance; to dye; as, to stain wood with
acids, colored washes, paint rubbed in, etc.; to stain
glass.

3. To spot with guilt or infamy; to bring reproach on; to
blot; to soil; to tarnish.

Of honor void,
Of innocence, of faith, of purity,
Our wonted ornaments now soiled and stained.
--Milton.

4. To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison.

She stains the ripest virgins of her age. --Beau. &
Fl.

That did all other beasts in beauty stain.
--Spenser.

{Stained glass}, glass colored or stained by certain metallic
pigments fused into its substance, -- often used for
making ornamental windows.

Syn: To paint; dye; blot; soil; sully; discolor; disgrace;
taint.

Usage: {Paint}, {Stain}, {Dye}. These denote three different
processes; the first mechanical, the other two,
chiefly chemical. To paint a thing is to spread a coat
of coloring matter over it; to stain or dye a thing is
to impart color to its substance. To stain is said
chiefly of solids, as wood, glass, paper; to dye, of
fibrous substances, textile fabrics, etc.; the one,
commonly, a simple process, as applying a wash; the
other more complex, as fixing colors by mordants.