n. 锈, 生锈, 衰退

vi. 生锈, 衰退

vt. 使生锈, 腐蚀

[医] 铁锈, 锈斑病(植物)

Rust \Rust\, n. [AS. rust; akin to D. roest, G. & Sw. rost,
Icel. ry[eth]; -- named from its color, and akin to E. red.
[root]113. See {Red}.]
1. (Chem.) The reddish yellow coating formed on iron when
exposed to moist air, consisting of ferric oxide or
hydroxide; hence, by extension, any metallic film of
corrosion.

2. (Bot.) A minute mold or fungus forming reddish or rusty
spots on the leaves and stems of cereal and other grasses
({Trichobasis Rubigo-vera}), now usually believed to be a
form or condition of the corn mildew ({Puccinia
graminis}). As rust, it has solitary reddish spores; as
corn mildew, the spores are double and blackish.

Note: Rust is also applied to many other minute fungi which
infest vegetation, such as the species of {Ustilago},
{Uredo}, and {Lecythea}.

3. That which resembles rust in appearance or effects.
Specifically: (a) A composition used in making a rust
joint. See {Rust joint}, below.
(b) Foul matter arising from degeneration; as, rust on
salted meat.
(c) Corrosive or injurious accretion or influence.

Sacred truths cleared from all rust and dross of
human mixtures. --Eikon
Basilike.

Note: Rust is used in the formation of compounds of obvious
meaning; as, rust-colored, rust-consumed, rust-eaten,
and the like.

{Rust joint}, a joint made between surfaces of iron by
filling the space between them with a wet mixture of
cast-iron borings, sal ammoniac, and sulphur, which by
oxidation becomes hard, and impervious to steam, water,
etc.

{Rust mite} (Zo["o]l.), a minute mite ({Phytopius oleivorus})
which, by puncturing the rind, causes the rust-colored
patches on oranges.


Rust \Rust\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Rusted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Rusting}.] [AS. rustian.]
1. To contract rust; to be or become oxidized.

If gold ruste, what shall iron do? --Chaucer.

Our armors now may rust. --Dryden.

2. To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust;
also, to acquire a rusty appearance, as plants.

3. Fig.: To degenerate in idleness; to become dull or
impaired by inaction.

Must I rust in Egypt? never more
Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?
--Dryden.


Rust \Rust\, v. t.
1. To cause to contract rust; to corrode with rust; to affect
with rust of any kind.

Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust
them. --Shak.

2. Fig.: To impair by time and inactivity. --Johnson.

Ferrugo \Fer*ru"go\ (f[e^]r*r[udd]"g[-o]), n. [L., iron rust,
fr. ferrum iron.]
A disease of plants caused by fungi, commonly called the
{rust}, from its resemblance to iron rust in color.