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Rock \Rock\, n. [OF. roke, F. roche; cf. Armor. roc'h, and AS.
rocc.]
1. A large concreted mass of stony material; a large fixed
stone or crag. See {Stone}.

Come one, come all! this rock shall fly
From its firm base as soon as I. --Sir W.
Scott.

2. (Geol.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth's
crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth,
clay, etc., when in natural beds.

3. That which resembles a rock in firmness; a defense; a
support; a refuge.

The Lord is my rock, and my fortress. --2 Sam. xxii.
2.

4. Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling
the wreck of a vessel upon a rock.

5. (Zo["o]l.) The striped bass. See under {Bass}.

Note: This word is frequently used in the formation of
self-explaining compounds; as, rock-bound, rock-built,
rock-ribbed, rock-roofed, and the like.

{Rock alum}. [Probably so called by confusion with F. roche a
rock.] Same as {Roche alum}.

{Rock barnacle} (Zo["o]l.), a barnacle ({Balanus balanoides})
very abundant on rocks washed by tides.

{Rock bass}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The stripped bass. See under {Bass}.
(b) The goggle-eye.
(c) The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called
rock bass.

{Rock builder} (Zo["o]l.), any species of animal whose
remains contribute to the formation of rocks, especially
the corals and Foraminifera.

{Rock butter} (Min.), native alum mixed with clay and oxide
of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white
color, occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous
slate.

{Rock candy}, a form of candy consisting of crystals of pure
sugar which are very hard, whence the name.

{Rock cavy}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Moco}.

{Rock cod} (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A small, often reddish or brown, variety of the cod
found about rocks andledges.
(b) A California rockfish.

{Rock cook}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A European wrasse ({Centrolabrus exoletus}).
(b) A rockling.

{Rock cork} (Min.), a variety of asbestus the fibers of which
are loosely interlaced. It resembles cork in its texture.


{Rock crab} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of large
crabs of the genus {C}, as the two species of the New
England coast ({Cancer irroratus} and {Cancer borealis}).
See Illust. under {Cancer}.

{Rock cress} (Bot.), a name of several plants of the cress
kind found on rocks, as {Arabis petr[ae]a}, {Arabis
lyrata}, etc.

{Rock crystal} (Min.), limpid quartz. See {Quartz}, and under
{Crystal}.

{Rock dove} (Zo["o]l.), the rock pigeon; -- called also {rock
doo}.

{Rock drill}, an implement for drilling holes in rock; esp.,
a machine impelled by steam or compressed air, for
drilling holes for blasting, etc.

{Rock duck} (Zo["o]l.), the harlequin duck.

{Rock eel}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Gunnel}.

{Rock goat} (Zo["o]l.), a wild goat, or ibex.

{Rock hopper} (Zo["o]l.), a penguin of the genus
{Catarractes}. See under {Penguin}.

{Rock kangaroo}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Kangaroo}, and {Petrogale}.


{Rock lobster} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of
large spinose lobsters of the genera {Panulirus} and
{Palinurus}. They have no large claws. Called also {spiny
lobster}, and {sea crayfish}.

{Rock meal} (Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite
occuring as an efflorescence.

{Rock milk}. (Min.) See {Agaric mineral}, under {Agaric}.

{Rock moss}, a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See {Cudbear}.

{Rock oil}. See {Petroleum}.

{Rock parrakeet} (Zo["o]l.), a small Australian parrakeet
({Euphema petrophila}), which nests in holes among the
rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive
green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing
quills are deep blue, and the central tail feathers bluish
green.

{Rock pigeon} (Zo["o]l.), the wild pigeon ({Columba livia})
Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was
derived. See Illust. under {Pigeon}.

{Rock pipit}. (Zo["o]l.) See the Note under {Pipit}.

{Rock plover}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The black-bellied, or whistling, plover.
(b) The rock snipe.

{Rock ptarmigan} (Zo["o]l.), an arctic American ptarmigan
({Lagopus rupestris}), which in winter is white, with the
tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish
brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black
patches on the back.

{Rock rabbit} (Zo["o]l.), the hyrax. See {Cony}, and {Daman}.


{Rock ruby} (Min.), a fine reddish variety of garnet.

{Rock salt} (Min.), cloride of sodium (common salt) occuring
in rocklike masses in mines; mineral salt; salt dug from
the earth. In the United States this name is sometimes
given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation
from sea water in large basins or cavities.

{Rock seal} (Zo["o]l.), the harbor seal. See {Seal}.

{Rock shell} (Zo["o]l.), any species of Murex, Purpura, and
allied genera.

{Rock snake} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several large pythons;
as, the royal {rock snake} ({Python regia}) of Africa, and
the {rock snake} of India ({Python molurus}). The
Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied genus
{Morelia}.

{Rock snipe} (Zo["o]l.), the purple sandpiper ({Tringa
maritima}); -- called also {rock bird}, {rock plover},
{winter snipe}.

{Rock soap} (Min.), a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy
feel, and adhering to the tongue.

{Rock sparrow}. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Any one of several species of Old World sparrows of
the genus {Petronia}, as {Petronia stulla}, of Europe.
(b) A North American sparrow ({Puc[ae]a ruficeps}).

{Rock tar}, petroleum.

{Rock thrush} (Zo["o]l.), any Old World thrush of the genus
{Monticola}, or {Petrocossyphus}; as, the European rock
thrush ({Monticola saxatilis}), and the blue rock thrush
of India ({Monticola cyaneus}), in which the male is blue
throughout.

{Rock tripe} (Bot.), a kind of lichen ({Umbilicaria
Dillenii}) growing on rocks in the northen parts of
America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous
or blackish expansions. It has been used as food in cases
of extremity.

{Rock trout} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of marine
food fishes of the genus {Hexagrammus}, family
{Chirad[ae]}, native of the North Pacific coasts; --
called also {sea trout}, {boregat}, {bodieron}, and
{starling}.

{Rock warbler} (Zo["o]l.), a small Australian singing bird
({Origma rubricata}) which frequents rocky ravines and
water courses; -- called also {cataract bird}.

{Rock wren} (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of wrens
of the genus {Salpinctes}, native of the arid plains of
Lower California and Mexico.

Rockfish \Rock"fish`\, n. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Any one of several California scorp[ae]noid food fishes
of the genus {Sebastichthys}, as the red rockfish
({Sebastichthys ruber}). They are among the most
important of California market fishes. Called also {rock
cod}, and {garrupa}.
(b) The striped bass. See {Bass}.
(c) Any one of several species of Florida and Bermuda
groupers of the genus {Epinephelus}.
(d) An American fresh-water darter; the log perch.

Note: The term is locally applied to various other fishes.


Cod \Cod\, n. [Cf. G. gadde, and (in Heligoland) gadden, L.
gadus merlangus.] (Zo["o]l.)
An important edible fish ({Gadus morrhua}), taken in immense
numbers on the northern coasts of Europe and America. It is
especially abundant and large on the Grand Bank of
Newfoundland. It is salted and dried in large quantities.

Note: There are several varieties; as {shore cod}, from
shallow water; {bank cod}, from the distant banks; and
{rock cod}, which is found among ledges, and is often
dark brown or mottled with red. The {tomcod} is a
distinct species of small size. The {bastard}, {blue},
{buffalo}, or {cultus cod} of the Pacific coast belongs
to a distinct family. See {Buffalo cod}, under
{Buffalo}.

{Cod fishery}, the business of fishing for cod.

{Cod line}, an eighteen-thread line used in catching codfish.
--McElrath.
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