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 perestroika   添加此单词到默认生词本
n.
(Rus.) 改革



    perestroika
    [ noun ]
    an economic policy adopted in the former Soviet Union; intended to increase automation and labor efficiency but it led eventually to the end of central planning in the Russian economy
    <noun.communication>


    1. The first episode, "The Taste of Democracy," examines the foundations of perestroika, using excellent archival photos and footage to track Gorbachev's rise to power and the systemic failure of the Soviet bureaucracy.
    2. "An eventual separation of a Baltic republic from the Soviet Union will be less pain from the point of view of progress and perestroika than an attempt to keep it by force, by tanks," he said.
    3. Mongolia, ruled by Communists since 1921 and long a client of the Soviet Union, has cautiously followed the Soviet lead in embracing "perestroika," or reform, but apparently not quickly enough for some of its citizens.
    4. In Moscow's Red Square, hundreds of thousands of people toted banners extolling "perestroika" (economic restructuring), "glasnost" (openness) and other Communist Party programs.
    5. Then the scope of perestroika should be narrowed," Yeltsin said.
    6. But Castro in the past has been openly critical of "perestroika," Gorbachev's ambitious modernization program, for borrowing free-market concepts from capitalism.
    7. Of course, it may turn out that the Soviet Union's "new thinking," or poor results from perestroika, will lead to an exchange of guns for butter.
    8. Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev had been scheduled to open the trade fair, which is a showcase for his policy of perestroika, or economic restructuring.
    9. Bush said the Soviet leader has already demonstrated that "he is interested in new thinking," one of the elements of Gorbachev's perestroika, or restructuring.
    10. He said he believes that perestroika, the political and economic restructuring in the Soviet Union, can't succeed without "significant assistance from abroad."
    11. Will Ogonyok begin a series of reports analyzing the failures of perestroika?
    12. I don't think they had any dreams of perestroika.
    13. Prokovfiev called Gorbachev's article last month on new ideas about Communism and perestroika "was so very necessary to the party and society and was clearly late."
    14. Would this be all you think is required to assure the success of perestroika?
    15. There was some general discussion over luncheon about the relationship of perestroika to developments in human rights and legal changes, as these were outlined by the general secretary in his speech.
    16. "If perestroika fails, it is going to fail because of economics," Wyss said. "We have much to lose by the Russians failing.
    17. Czechoslovaks today wonder if the same will happen to Mikhail S. Gorbachev and his Soviet reforms _ perestroika (restructuring) and glasnost (openness) _ leaving them worse off than they are now.
    18. "This meeting is not directly connected with perestroika," Shevardnadze said.
    19. "Without democratizing the economy," Gorbachev said, "perestroika (economic reforms) will never succeed." The Chinese seemed of similar opinion.
    20. The hunger strikers, who were packed into a modest living room, said they feared the international popularity of President Mikhail S. Gorbachev's reforms, known as "perestroika," diverts attention from their plight.
    21. But there is talk lately that (Communist) party or no party, perestroika will continue.
    22. He rose to prominence soon after Mr. Gorbachev took office in 1985, devising a blueprint for the first stage of perestroika.
    23. Baker said it isn't clear yet whether Gorbachev will be successful with his "perestroika," or "new thinking" on matters of democratization and reform.
    24. "Now is a good time for such demands because of perestroika," said Czaputowicz, referring to Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev's campaign for fundamental social and economic reforms that do not challenge the leading role of the Communist Party.
    25. Their economic plans make "perestroika" look like feudalism.
    26. It is also encouraging to hear General Secretary Gorbachev speak forthrightly about "glasnost" and "perestroika" _ openness and restructuring in the Soviet Union _ words that to Western ears have a particularly welcome sound.
    27. At other times during the conference, delegates have openly disagreed on the concrete results of Gorbachev's drive for perestroika, which was launched after he took power in March 1985.
    28. Most panelists agreed that Gorbachev's policies of perestroika and glasnost helped create the conditions for radical change in the East bloc and the speedy reporting of events in East bloc nations.
    29. Franc Sifkovic, general director of the Iskra Avtomatika plant that Gorbachev was visiting, complained that decentralization undur perestroika had complicated the firm's dealings with the Soviet Union.
    30. Vladimir Gusinsky, INFEKS president, said from Moscow that the Soviet enterprise is part of the economic perestroika under way in the Soviet Union.
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