Their research proceeded along sound lines. 他们的研究沿着正确的方针进行。
line
[ noun ]
a formation of people or things one beside another
<noun.group> the line of soldiers advanced with their bayonets fixed they were arrayed in line of battle the cast stood in line for the curtain call
a mark that is long relative to its width
<noun.communication> He drew a line on the chart
a formation of people or things one behind another
<noun.group> the line stretched clear around the corner you must wait in a long line at the checkout counter
a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thickness; the trace of a moving point
<noun.shape>
text consisting of a row of words written across a page or computer screen
<noun.communication> the letter consisted of three short lines there are six lines in every stanza
a single frequency (or very narrow band) of radiation in a spectrum
<noun.phenomenon>
a fortified position (especially one marking the most forward position of troops)
<noun.location> they attacked the enemy's line
a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning
<noun.cognition> I can't follow your line of reasoning
a conductor for transmitting electrical or optical signals or electric power
<noun.artifact>
a connected series of events or actions or developments
<noun.group> the government took a firm course historians can only point out those lines for which evidence is available
a spatial location defined by a real or imaginary unidimensional extent
<noun.location>
a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface
<noun.shape> his face has many lines ironing gets rid of most wrinkles
a pipe used to transport liquids or gases
<noun.artifact> a pipeline runs from the wells to the seaport
the road consisting of railroad track and roadbed
<noun.artifact>
a telephone connection
<noun.artifact>
acting in conformity
<noun.act> in line with he got out of line toe the line
the descendants of one individual
<noun.group> his entire lineage has been warriors
something (as a cord or rope) that is long and thin and flexible
<noun.artifact> a washing line
the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money
<noun.act> he's not in my line of business
in games or sports; a mark indicating positions or bounds of the playing area
<noun.location>
(often plural) a means of communication or access
<noun.communication> it must go through official channels lines of communication were set up between the two firms
a particular kind of product or merchandise
<noun.artifact> a nice line of shoes
a commercial organization serving as a common carrier
<noun.artifact>
space for one line of print (one column wide and 1/14 inch deep) used to measure advertising
<noun.quantity>
the maximum credit that a customer is allowed
<noun.possession>
a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence
<noun.communication> she was humming an air from Beethoven
persuasive but insincere talk that is usually intended to deceive or impress
<noun.communication> `let me show you my etchings' is a rather worn line he has a smooth line but I didn't fall for it that salesman must have practiced his fast line of talk
a short personal letter
<noun.communication> drop me a line when you get there
a conceptual separation or distinction
<noun.cognition> there is a narrow line between sanity and insanity
mechanical system in a factory whereby an article is conveyed through sites at which successive operations are performed on it
Line \Line\ (l[imac]n), n. [OE. lin. See {Linen}.] 1. Flax; linen. [Obs.] ``Garments made of line.'' --Spenser.
2. The longer and finer fiber of flax.
Line \Line\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Lined} (l[imac]nd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Lining}.] [See {Line} flax.] 1. To cover the inner surface of; as, to line a cloak with silk or fur; to line a box with paper or tin.
The inside lined with rich carnation silk. --W. Browne.
2. To put something in the inside of; to fill; to supply, as a purse with money.
The charge amounteth very high for any one man's purse, except lined beyond ordinary, to reach unto. --Carew.
Till coffee has her stomach lined. --Swift.
3. To place persons or things along the side of for security or defense; to strengthen by adding anything; to fortify; as, to line works with soldiers.
Line and new repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant. --Shak.
4. To impregnate; -- applied to brute animals. --Creech.
{Lined gold}, gold foil having a lining of another metal.
Line \Line\, n. [OE. line, AS. l[=i]ne cable, hawser, prob. from L. linea a linen thread, string, line, fr. linum flax, thread, linen, cable; but the English word was influenced by F. ligne line, from the same L. word linea. See {Linen}.] 1. A linen thread or string; a slender, strong cord; also, a cord of any thickness; a rope; a hawser; as, a fishing line; a line for snaring birds; a clothesline; a towline.
Who so layeth lines for to latch fowls. --Piers Plowman.
2. A more or less threadlike mark of pen, pencil, or graver; any long mark; as, a chalk line.
3. The course followed by anything in motion; hence, a road or route; as, the arrow descended in a curved line; the place is remote from lines of travel.
4. Direction; as, the line of sight or vision.
5. A row of letters, words, etc., written or printed; esp., a row of words extending across a page or column.
6. A short letter; a note; as, a line from a friend.
7. (Poet.) A verse, or the words which form a certain number of feet, according to the measure.
In the preceding line Ulysses speaks of Nausicaa. --Broome.
8. Course of conduct, thought, occupation, or policy; method of argument; department of industry, trade, or intellectual activity.
He is uncommonly powerful in his own line, but it is not the line of a first-rate man. --Coleridge.
9. (Math.) That which has length, but not breadth or thickness.
10. The exterior limit of a figure, plat, or territory; boundary; contour; outline.
Eden stretched her line From Auran eastward to the royal towers Of great Seleucia. --Milton.
11. A threadlike crease marking the face or the hand; hence, characteristic mark.
Though on his brow were graven lines austere. --Byron.
He tipples palmistry, and dines On all her fortune-telling lines. --Cleveland.
12. Lineament; feature; figure. ``The lines of my boy's face.'' --Shak.
13. A straight row; a continued series or rank; as, a line of houses, or of soldiers; a line of barriers.
Unite thy forces and attack their lines. --Dryden.
14. A series or succession of ancestors or descendants of a given person; a family or race; as, the ascending or descending line; the line of descent; the male line; a line of kings.
Of his lineage am I, and his offspring By very line, as of the stock real. --Chaucer.
15. A connected series of public conveyances, and hence, an established arrangement for forwarding merchandise, etc.; as, a line of stages; an express line.
16. (Geog.) (a) A circle of latitude or of longitude, as represented on a map. (b) The equator; -- usually called the line, or equinoctial line; as, to cross the line.
17. A long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel, etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a tapeline.
18. (Script.) (a) A measuring line or cord.
He marketh it out with a line. --Is. xliv. 13. (b) That which was measured by a line, as a field or any piece of land set apart; hence, allotted place of abode.
The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places; yea, I have a goodly heritage. --Ps. xvi. 6. (c) Instruction; doctrine.
Their line is gone out through all the earth. --Ps. xix. 4.
19. (Mach.) The proper relative position or adjustment of parts, not as to design or proportion, but with reference to smooth working; as, the engine is in line or out of line.
20. The track and roadbed of a railway; railroad.
21. (Mil.) (a) A row of men who are abreast of one another, whether side by side or some distance apart; -- opposed to {column}. (b) The regular infantry of an army, as distinguished from militia, guards, volunteer corps, cavalry, artillery, etc.
22. (Fort.) (a) A trench or rampart. (b) pl. Dispositions made to cover extended positions, and presenting a front in but one direction to an enemy.
23. pl. (Shipbuilding) Form of a vessel as shown by the outlines of vertical, horizontal, and oblique sections.
24. (Mus.) One of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed.
25. (Stock Exchange) A number of shares taken by a jobber.
26. (Trade) A series of various qualities and values of the same general class of articles; as, a full line of hosiery; a line of merinos, etc. --McElrath.
27. The wire connecting one telegraphic station with another, or the whole of a system of telegraph wires under one management and name.
28. pl. The reins with which a horse is guided by his driver. [U. S.]
29. A measure of length; one twelfth of an inch.
{Hard lines}, hard lot. --C. Kingsley. [See Def. 18.]
{Line breeding} (Stockbreeding), breeding by a certain family line of descent, especially in the selection of the dam or mother.
{Line conch} (Zo["o]l.), a spiral marine shell ({Fasciolaria distans}), of Florida and the West Indies. It is marked by narrow, dark, revolving lines.
{Line engraving}. (a) Engraving in which the effects are produced by lines of different width and closeness, cut with the burin upon copper or similar material; also, a plate so engraved. (b) A picture produced by printing from such an engraving.
{Line of battle}. (a) (Mil. Tactics) The position of troops drawn up in their usual order without any determined maneuver. (b) (Naval) The line or arrangement formed by vessels of war in an engagement.
{Line of battle ship}. See {Ship of the line}, below.
{Line of beauty} (Fine Arts),an abstract line supposed to be beautiful in itself and absolutely; -- differently represented by different authors, often as a kind of elongated S (like the one drawn by Hogarth).
{Line of centers}. (Mach.) (a) A line joining two centers, or fulcra, as of wheels or levers. (b) A line which determines a dead center. See {Dead center}, under {Dead}.
{Line of dip} (Geol.), a line in the plane of a stratum, or part of a stratum, perpendicular to its intersection with a horizontal plane; the line of greatest inclination of a stratum to the horizon.
{Line of fire} (Mil.), the direction of fire.
{Line of force} (Physics), any line in a space in which forces are acting, so drawn that at every point of the line its tangent is the direction of the resultant of all the forces. It cuts at right angles every equipotential surface which it meets. Specifically (Magnetism), a line in proximity to a magnet so drawn that any point in it is tangential with the direction of a short compass needle held at that point. --Faraday.
{Line of life} (Palmistry), a line on the inside of the hand, curving about the base of the thumb, supposed to indicate, by its form or position, the length of a person's life.
{Line of lines}. See {Gunter's line}.
{Line of march}. (Mil.) (a) Arrangement of troops for marching. (b) Course or direction taken by an army or body of troops in marching.
{Line of operations}, that portion of a theater of war which an army passes over in attaining its object. --H. W. Halleck.
{Line of sight} (Firearms), the line which passes through the front and rear sight, at any elevation, when they are sighted at an object.
{Line tub} (Naut.), a tub in which the line carried by a whaleboat is coiled.
{Mason and Dixon's line}, {Mason-Dixon line}, the boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland, as run before the Revolution (1764-1767) by two English astronomers named Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon. In an extended sense, the line between the free and the slave States; as, below the Mason-Dixon line, i.e. in the South.
{On the line}, (a) on a level with the eye of the spectator; -- said of a picture, as hung in an exhibition of pictures. (b) at risk (dependent upon success) in a contest or enterprise; as, the survival of the company is on the line in this project.
{Right line}, a straight line; the shortest line that can be drawn between two points.
{Ship of the line}, formerly, a ship of war large enough to have a place in the line of battle; a vessel superior to a frigate; usually, a seventy-four, or three-decker; -- called also {line of battle ship} or {battleship}. --Totten.
{To cross the line}, to cross the equator, as a vessel at sea.
{To give a person line}, to allow him more or less liberty until it is convenient to stop or check him, like a hooked fish that swims away with the line.
{Water line} (Shipbuilding), the outline of a horizontal section of a vessel, as when floating in the water.
Line \Line\ (l[imac]n), v. t. 1. To mark with a line or lines; to cover with lines; as, to line a copy book.
He had a healthy color in his cheeks, and his face, though lined, bore few traces of anxiety. --Dickens.
2. To represent by lines; to delineate; to portray. [R.] ``Pictures fairest lined.'' --Shak.
3. To read or repeat line by line; as, to line out a hymn.
This custom of reading or lining, or, as it was frequently called ``deaconing'' the hymn or psalm in the churches, was brought about partly from necessity. --N. D. Gould.
4. To form into a line; to align; as, to line troops.
{To line bees}, to track wild bees to their nest by following their line of flight.
{To line up} (Mach.), to put in alignment; to put in correct adjustment for smooth running. See 3d {Line}, 19.
Shaft \Shaft\, n. [OE. shaft, schaft, AS. sceaft; akin to D. schacht, OHG. scaft, G. schaft, Dan. & Sw. skaft handle, haft, Icel. skapt, and probably to L. scapus, Gr. ????, ????, a staff. Probably originally, a shaven or smoothed rod. Cf. {Scape}, {Scepter}, {Shave}.] 1. The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.
His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft, That lean he wax, and dry as is a shaft. --Chaucer.
A shaft hath three principal parts, the stele [stale], the feathers, and the head. --Ascham.
2. The long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted; as, shafts of light.
And the thunder, Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage, Perhaps hath spent his shafts. --Milton.
Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been attacked with all the shafts of ridicule. --V. Knox.
3. That which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant. (b) (Zo["o]l.) The stem or midrib of a feather. See Illust. of {Feather}. (c) The pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill. (d) The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.
Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his shaft, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same. --Ex. xxv. 31. (e) The handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc. (f) A pole, especially a Maypole. [Obs.] --Stow. (g) (Arch.) The body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see Illust. of {Column}). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the spire of a steeple. [Obs. or R.] --Gwilt. (h) A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument.
Bid time and nature gently spare The shaft we raise to thee. --Emerson. (i) (Weaving) A rod at the end of a heddle. (j) (Mach.) A solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine. See Illust. of {Countershaft}.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A humming bird ({Thaumastura cora}) having two of the tail feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also {cora humming bird}.
5. [Cf. G. schacht.] (Mining) A well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.
6. A long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.
7. The chamber of a blast furnace.
{Line shaft} (Mach.), a main shaft of considerable length, in a shop or factory, usually bearing a number of pulleys by which machines are driven, commonly by means of countershafts; -- called also {line}, or {main line}.
{Shaft alley} (Naut.), a passage extending from the engine room to the stern, and containing the propeller shaft.
{Shaft furnace} (Metal.), a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.
Lawmakers say the aim is to increase voter turnout and open the nation's elections to Americans unable to leave work and stand in line at City Hall or merely too forgetful to register 30 days in advance as required in some states.
The museum has never valued "The Night Watch," which is not insured, in line with Culture Ministry policy.
His worry persisted after a blood test proved negative, and he was referred to Harmon by an AIDS hot line.
The report, which the Agriculture Department released after the close, was in line with analysts' predictions.
The department has agreed to a wide study of the environmental impact of weapons plant modernization, but has not said this would affect its schedule for getting the main production plants back on line after lengthy shutdowns.
Great Northern had raised the antitrust issues in a federal lawsuit in Connecticut that it considered its first line of defense in the takeover battle.
Mr. Newman first started the business by making salad dressing in the basement of his Westport, Conn., home. The line later expanded to include spaghetti sauce, popcorn and lemonade.
The action comes after revelations that Stanford was charging the government for such things as $6,000 to line Stanford President Donald Kennedy's closet with cedar, $7,000 to buy sheets for his bed, and depreciation on the university's yacht.
But Sun Microsystems has led a movement to offer less expensive workstations that are beginning to compete with IBM's PS/2 line and with Apple Computer's Macintosh.
The hulk of an abandoned car sits on one corner of the playing area. Squat, dilapidated homes line one side of the street.
Markets don't go down in a straight line." The stock market rallied and oil prices eased as the world's battered financial markets gained optimism that a Middle East war had been averted _ at least for a while.
The disk-drive maker said the new financing replaces a $35 million credit line with BankAmerica Corp.'s Bank of America unit and will be used for additional working capital.
But it expected considerably more public funds would be needed since many women who need better prenatal care live near or below the poverty line.
"The month of September will really be a telling story of whether general merchandise sales will maintain modest growth, in line with the economy," said Jeffrey Edelman, a retail analyst for Drexel Burnham Lambert Inc.
It is an extension of an Ecu5bn EIB credit line agreed at last year's Edinburgh summit.
Britain decided to go ahead with the recommendation without waiting for the international organization to take action, said the transport spokesman who, in line with British custom, is not identified by name.
But in an apparent hint that East Germany's aging leaders should soften their hard line, he urged them to work with "all forces in society" to solve the country's problems.
'My sole preoccupation is the bottom line,' he says.
Kottke, who often appeared on Keillor's radio show, "A Prairie Home Companion," is more upbeat than Keillor, kind of like an aging kid brother who veered off temporarily into Zen Buddhism somewhere back down the line.
"Maybe we overreacted when we shut down the plant," he said. "They only made it through one line of defense.
I remember particularly the line that goes 'you can't go to jail for what you're thinking'.
Because voice messaging can forward calls to be recorded if a subscriber's line is busy, company officials say they expect the new service will eliminate the need for answering machines, which do not have that capability.
Since utilities are required by law to keep trees away from lines, state officials were considering action to recover about $10 million in fire suppression costs from the companies, including Pacific, Gas & Electric Co., which use the line.
A new subway line began operating in Rome on Saturday, but city officials admitted it will do little to alleviate the capital's chaotic traffic conditions.
Like many of the Islamic revolution's hard core, she is watching closely for signs of deviation from that line following the death of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
If Mr Soskovets' tough line - rather than Mr Yeltsin's quiet granting of soft loans - is to be the new rule in Russian economic policy, then Russia could be poised for one of the most serious political battles it has yet faced.
The scheme, under which employees contribute 6 per cent of their salaries, pays benefits based on a percentage of final salary and guarantees annual increases in line with inflation.
Many voting machines have room for only eight candidates on a line, and as of Sunday, five Republicans and seven Democrats were seeking their parties' presidential nomination.
The Kuwaitis took an especially tough line toward Iraq, which seized the oil-rich country in a bitter dispute that challenges Kuwait's right to survive as a nation.
The company has been adding to its apparel business, with a line of jeans and plans for a line of watches.