[kul'tu:әkɑ:mpf]
[德](1873-1887年罗马天主教会和德国政府之间围绕教育和教职任命权进行的)文化斗争

Kulturkampf \Kul*tur"kampf`\, n. [G., fr. kultur, cultur,
culture + kampf fight.] (Ger. Hist.)
Lit., culture war; -- a name, originating with Virchow (1821
- 1902), given to a struggle between the Roman Catholic
Church and the German government, chiefly over the latter's
efforts to control educational and ecclesiastical
appointments in the interest of the political policy of
centralization. The struggle began with the passage by the
Prussian Diet in May, 1873, of the so-called

{May laws}, or

{Falk laws}, aiming at the regulation of the clergy.
Opposition eventually compelled the government to change
its policy, and from 1880 to 1887 laws virtually
nullifying the May laws were enacted.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]