a. 快速的, 紧的

ad. 很快地, 紧紧地, 彻底地

n. 绝食, 斋戒

vi. 绝食, 斋戒

[医] 抗拒的, 禁食

Fast \Fast\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Fasted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
{Fasting}.] [AS. f[ae]stan; akin to D. vasten, OHG.
fast[=e]n, G. fasten, Icel. & Sw. fasta, Dan. faste, Goth.
fastan to keep, observe, fast, and prob. to E. fast firm.]
1. To abstain from food; to omit to take nourishment in whole
or in part; to go hungry.

Fasting he went to sleep, and fasting waked.
--Milton.

2. To practice abstinence as a religious exercise or duty; to
abstain from food voluntarily for a time, for the
mortification of the body or appetites, or as a token of
grief, or humiliation and penitence.

Thou didst fast and weep for the child. --2 Sam.
xii. 21.

{Fasting day}, a fast day; a day of fasting.


Fast \Fast\, a. [Compar. {Faster}; superl. {Fastest}.] [OE.,
firm, strong, not loose, AS. f[ae]st; akin to OS. fast, D.
vast, OHG. fasti, festi, G. fest, Icel. fastr, Sw. & Dan.
fast, and perh. to E. fetter. The sense swift comes from the
idea of keeping close to what is pursued; a Scandinavian use.
Cf. {Fast}, adv., {Fast}, v., {Avast}.]
1. Firmly fixed; closely adhering; made firm; not loose,
unstable, or easily moved; immovable; as, to make fast the
door.

There is an order that keeps things fast. --Burke.

2. Firm against attack; fortified by nature or art;
impregnable; strong.

Outlaws . . . lurking in woods and fast places.
--Spenser.

3. Firm in adherence; steadfast; not easily separated or
alienated; faithful; as, a fast friend.

4. Permanent; not liable to fade by exposure to air or by
washing; durable; lasting; as, fast colors.

5. Tenacious; retentive. [Obs.]

Roses, damask and red, are fast flowers of their
smells. --Bacon.

6. Not easily disturbed or broken; deep; sound.

All this while in a most fast sleep. --Shak.

7. Moving rapidly; quick in mition; rapid; swift; as, a fast
horse.

8. Given to pleasure seeking; disregardful of restraint;
reckless; wild; dissipated; dissolute; as, a fast man; a
fast liver. --Thackeray.

9. In such a condition, as to resilience, etc., as to make
possible unusual rapidity of play or action; as, a fast
racket, or tennis court; a fast track; a fast billiard
table, etc.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

{Fast and loose}, now cohering, now disjoined; inconstant,
esp. in the phrases to play at fast and loose, to play
fast and loose, to act with giddy or reckless inconstancy
or in a tricky manner; to say one thing and do another.
``Play fast and loose with faith.'' --Shak.

{Fast and loose pulleys} (Mach.), two pulleys placed side by
side on a revolving shaft, which is driven from another
shaft by a band, and arranged to disengage and re["e]ngage
the machinery driven thereby. When the machinery is to be
stopped, the band is transferred from the pulley fixed to
the shaft to the pulley which revolves freely upon it, and
vice versa.

{Hard and fast} (Naut.), so completely aground as to be
immovable.

{To make fast} (Naut.), to make secure; to fasten firmly, as
a vessel, a rope, or a door.


Fast \Fast\, n. [OE. faste, fast; cf. AS. f[ae]sten, OHG. fasta,
G. faste. See {Fast}, v. i.]
1. Abstinence from food; omission to take nourishment.

Surfeit is the father of much fast. --Shak.

2. Voluntary abstinence from food, for a space of time, as a
spiritual discipline, or as a token of religious
humiliation.

3. A time of fasting, whether a day, week, or longer time; a
period of abstinence from food or certain kinds of food;
as, an annual fast.

{Fast day}, a day appointed for fasting, humiliation, and
religious offices as a means of invoking the favor of God.


{To break one's fast}, to put an end to a period of
abstinence by taking food; especially, to take one's
morning meal; to breakfast. --Shak.


Fast \Fast\, adv. [OE. faste firmly, strongly, quickly, AS.
f[ae]ste. See {Fast}, a.]
1. In a fast, fixed, or firmly established manner; fixedly;
firmly; immovably.

We will bind thee fast. --Judg. xv.
13.

2. In a fast or rapid manner; quickly; swiftly;
extravagantly; wildly; as, to run fast; to live fast.

{Fast by}, or {Fast beside}, close or near to; near at hand.

He, after Eve seduced, unminded slunk
Into the wood fast by. --Milton.

Fast by the throne obsequious Fame resides. --Pope.


Fast \Fast\, n.
That which fastens or holds; especially, (Naut.) a mooring
rope, hawser, or chain; -- called, according to its position,
a bow, head, quarter, breast, or stern fast; also, a post on
a pier around which hawsers are passed in mooring.