n. 姓, 名字, 绰号

[法] 姓, 名字, 别名

Cognomen \Cog*no"men\, n. [L.: co- + (g)nomen name.]
1. The last of the three names of a person among the ancient
Romans, denoting his house or family.

2. (Eng. Law) A surname.

Name \Name\ (n[=a]m), n. [AS. nama; akin to D. naam, OS. & OHG.
namo, G. name, Icel. nafn, for namn, Dan. navn, Sw. namn,
Goth. nam[=o], L. nomen (perh. influenced by noscere,
gnoscere, to learn to know), Gr. 'o`mona, Scr. n[=a]man.
[root]267. Cf. {Anonymous}, {Ignominy}, {Misnomer},
{Nominal}, {Noun}.]
1. The title by which any person or thing is known or
designated; a distinctive specific appellation, whether of
an individual or a class.

Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that
was the name thereof. --Gen. ii. 19.

What's in a name? That which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet. --Shak.

2. A descriptive or qualifying appellation given to a person
or thing, on account of a character or acts.

His name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The
mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of
Peace. --Is. ix. 6.

3. Reputed character; reputation, good or bad; estimation;
fame; especially, illustrious character or fame; honorable
estimation; distinction.

What men of name resort to him? --Shak.

Far above . . . every name that is named, not only
in this world, but also in that which is to come.
--Eph. i. 21.

I will get me a name and honor in the kingdom. --1
Macc. iii. 14.

He hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin.
--Deut. xxii.
19.

The king's army . . . had left no good name behind.
--Clarendon.

4. Those of a certain name; a race; a family.

The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his
name, came every day to pay their feigned
civilities. --Motley.

5. A person, an individual. [Poetic]

They list with women each degenerate name. --Dryden.

{Christian name}.
(a) The name a person receives at baptism, as
distinguished from {surname}; baptismal name; in
western countries, it is also called a {first name}.
(b) A given name, whether received at baptism or not.

{Given name}. See under {Given}.

{In name}, in profession, or by title only; not in reality;
as, a friend in name.

{In the name of}.
(a) In behalf of; by the authority of. `` I charge you in
the duke's name to obey me.'' --Shak.
(b) In the represented or assumed character of. ``I'll to
him again in name of Brook.'' --Shak.

{Name plate}, a plate as of metal, glass, etc., having a name
upon it, as a sign; a doorplate.

{Pen name}, a name assumed by an author; a pseudonym or {nom
de plume}. --Bayard Taylor.

{Proper name} (Gram.), a name applied to a particular person,
place, or thing.

{To call names}, to apply opprobrious epithets to; to call by
reproachful appellations.

{To take a name in vain}, to use a name lightly or profanely;
to use a name in making flippant or dishonest oaths. --Ex.
xx. 7.

Syn: Appellation; title; designation; cognomen; denomination;
epithet.

Usage: {Name}, {Appellation}, {Title}, {Denomination}. Name
is generic, denoting that combination of sounds or
letters by which a person or thing is known and
distinguished. Appellation, although sometimes put for
name simply, denotes, more properly, a descriptive
term (called also {agnomen} or {cognomen}), used by
way of marking some individual peculiarity or
characteristic; as, Charles the Bold, Philip the
Stammerer. A title is a term employed to point out
one's rank, office, etc.; as, the Duke of Bedford,
Paul the Apostle, etc. Denomination is to particular
bodies what appellation is to individuals; thus, the
church of Christ is divided into different
denominations, as Congregationalists, Episcopalians,
Presbyterians, etc.