a. 坏掉的, 打破的, 断掉的
break的过去分词

[机] 破碎的

Broken \Bro"ken\ (br[=o]"k'n), a. [From {Break}, v. t.]
1. Separated into parts or pieces by violence; divided into
fragments; as, a broken chain or rope; a broken dish.

2. Disconnected; not continuous; also, rough; uneven; as, a
broken surface.

3. Fractured; cracked; disunited; sundered; strained; apart;
as, a broken reed; broken friendship.

4. Made infirm or weak, by disease, age, or hardships.

The one being who remembered him as he been before
his mind was broken. --G. Eliot.

The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay,
Sat by his fire, and talked the night away.
--Goldsmith.

5. Subdued; humbled; contrite.

The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit. --Ps. li.
17.

6. Subjugated; trained for use, as a horse.

7. Crushed and ruined as by something that destroys hope;
blighted. ``Her broken love and life.'' --G. Eliot.

8. Not carried into effect; not adhered to; violated; as, a
broken promise, vow, or contract; a broken law.

9. Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming promises made,
or of paying debts incurred; as, a broken bank; a broken
tradesman.

10. Imperfectly spoken, as by a foreigner; as, broken
English; imperfectly spoken on account of emotion; as, to
say a few broken words at parting.

Amidst the broken words and loud weeping of those
grave senators. --Macaulay.

{Broken ground}.
(a) (Mil.) Rough or uneven ground; as, the troops were
retarded in their advance by broken ground.
(b) Ground recently opened with the plow.

{Broken line} (Geom.), the straight lines which join a number
of given points taken in some specified order.

{Broken meat}, fragments of meat or other food.

{Broken number}, a fraction.

{Broken weather}, unsettled weather.


Break \Break\ (br[=a]k), v. t. [imp. {broke} (br[=o]k), (Obs.
{Brake}); p. p. {Broken} (br[=o]"k'n), (Obs. {Broke}); p. pr.
& vb. n. {Breaking}.] [OE. breken, AS. brecan; akin to OS.
brekan, D. breken, OHG. brehhan, G. brechen, Icel. braka to
creak, Sw. braka, br["a]kka to crack, Dan. br[ae]kke to
break, Goth. brikan to break, L. frangere. Cf. {Bray} to
pound, {Breach}, {Fragile}.]
1. To strain apart; to sever by fracture; to divide with
violence; as, to break a rope or chain; to break a seal;
to break an axle; to break rocks or coal; to break a lock.
--Shak.

2. To lay open as by breaking; to divide; as, to break a
package of goods.

3. To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge, or
communicate.

Katharine, break thy mind to me. --Shak.

4. To infringe or violate, as an obligation, law, or promise.

Out, out, hyena! these are thy wonted arts . . .
To break all faith, all vows, deceive, betray.
--Milton

5. To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to dissolve or
terminate; as, to break silence; to break one's sleep; to
break one's journey.

Go, release them, Ariel;
My charms I'll break, their senses I'll restore.
--Shak.

6. To destroy the completeness of; to remove a part from; as,
to break a set.

7. To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into disorder; to
pierce; as, the cavalry were not able to break the British
squares.

8. To shatter to pieces; to reduce to fragments.

The victim broke in pieces the musical instruments
with which he had solaced the hours of captivity.
--Prescott.

9. To exchange for other money or currency of smaller
denomination; as, to break a five dollar bill.

10. To destroy the strength, firmness, or consistency of; as,
to break flax.

11. To weaken or impair, as health, spirit, or mind.

An old man, broken with the storms of state.
--Shak.

12. To diminish the force of; to lessen the shock of, as a
fall or blow.

I'll rather leap down first, and break your fall.
--Dryden.

13. To impart, as news or information; to broach; -- with to,
and often with a modified word implying some reserve; as,
to break the news gently to the widow; to break a purpose
cautiously to a friend.

14. To tame; to reduce to subjection; to make tractable; to
discipline; as, to break a horse to the harness or
saddle. ``To break a colt.'' --Spenser.

Why, then thou canst not break her to the lute?
--Shak.

15. To destroy the financial credit of; to make bankrupt; to
ruin.

With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks,
Attracts all fees, and little lawyers breaks.
--Dryden.

16. To destroy the official character and standing of; to
cashier; to dismiss.

I see a great officer broken. --Swift.

Note: With prepositions or adverbs:

{To break down}.
(a) To crush; to overwhelm; as, to break down one's
strength; to break down opposition.
(b) To remove, or open a way through, by breaking; as, to
break down a door or wall.

{To break in}.
(a) To force in; as, to break in a door.
(b) To train; to discipline; as, a horse well broken in.


{To break of}, to rid of; to cause to abandon; as, to break
one of a habit.

{To break off}.
(a) To separate by breaking; as, to break off a twig.
(b) To stop suddenly; to abandon. ``Break off thy sins by
righteousness.'' --Dan. iv. 27.

{To break open}, to open by breaking. ``Open the door, or I
will break it open.'' --Shak.

{To break out}, to take or force out by breaking; as, to
break out a pane of glass.

{To break out a cargo}, to unstow a cargo, so as to unload it
easily.

{To break through}.
(a) To make an opening through, as, as by violence or the
force of gravity; to pass violently through; as, to
break through the enemy's lines; to break through the
ice.
(b) To disregard; as, to break through the ceremony.

{To break up}.
(a) To separate into parts; to plow (new or fallow
ground). ``Break up this capon.'' --Shak. ``Break up
your fallow ground.'' --Jer. iv. 3.
(b) To dissolve; to put an end to. ``Break up the
court.'' --Shak.

{To break} (one) {all up}, to unsettle or disconcert
completely; to upset. [Colloq.]

Note: With an immediate object:

{To break the back}.
(a) To dislocate the backbone; hence, to disable totally.
(b) To get through the worst part of; as, to break the
back of a difficult undertaking.

{To break bulk}, to destroy the entirety of a load by
removing a portion of it; to begin to unload; also, to
transfer in detail, as from boats to cars.

{To break a code} to discover a method to convert coded
messages into the original understandable text.

{To break cover}, to burst forth from a protecting
concealment, as game when hunted.

{To break a deer} or {To break a stag}, to cut it up and
apportion the parts among those entitled to a share.

{To break fast}, to partake of food after abstinence. See
{Breakfast}.

{To break ground}.
(a) To open the earth as for planting; to commence
excavation, as for building, siege operations, and
the like; as, to break ground for a foundation, a
canal, or a railroad.
(b) Fig.: To begin to execute any plan.
(c) (Naut.) To release the anchor from the bottom.

{To break the heart}, to crush or overwhelm (one) with grief.


{To break a house} (Law), to remove or set aside with
violence and a felonious intent any part of a house or of
the fastenings provided to secure it.

{To break the ice}, to get through first difficulties; to
overcome obstacles and make a beginning; to introduce a
subject.

{To break jail}, to escape from confinement in jail, usually
by forcible means.

{To break a jest}, to utter a jest. ``Patroclus . . . the
livelong day breaks scurril jests.'' --Shak.

{To break joints}, to lay or arrange bricks, shingles, etc.,
so that the joints in one course shall not coincide with
those in the preceding course.

{To break a lance}, to engage in a tilt or contest.

{To break the neck}, to dislocate the joints of the neck.

{To break no squares}, to create no trouble. [Obs.]

{To break a path}, {road}, etc., to open a way through
obstacles by force or labor.

{To break upon a wheel}, to execute or torture, as a criminal
by stretching him upon a wheel, and breaking his limbs
with an iron bar; -- a mode of punishment formerly
employed in some countries.

{To break wind}, to give vent to wind from the anus.

Syn: To dispart; rend; tear; shatter; batter; violate;
infringe; demolish; destroy; burst; dislocate.