【化】 冰洲石

Crystal \Crys"tal\ (kr[i^]s"tal), n. [OE. cristal, F. cristal,
L. crystallum crystal, ice, fr. Gr. kry`stallos, fr. kry`os
icy cold, frost; cf. AS. crystalla, fr. L. crystallum; prob.
akin to E. crust. See {Crust}, {Raw}.]
1. (Chem. & Min.) The regular form which a substance tends to
assume in solidifying, through the inherent power of
cohesive attraction. It is bounded by plane surfaces,
symmetrically arranged, and each species of crystal has
fixed axial ratios. See {Crystallization}.

2. The material of quartz, in crystallization transparent or
nearly so, and either colorless or slightly tinged with
gray, or the like; -- called also {rock crystal}.
Ornamental vessels are made of it. Cf. {Smoky quartz},
{Pebble}; also {Brazilian pebble}, under {Brazilian}.

3. A species of glass, more perfect in its composition and
manufacture than common glass, and often cut into
ornamental forms. See {Flint glass}.

4. The glass over the dial of a watch case.

5. Anything resembling crystal, as clear water, etc.

The blue crystal of the seas. --Byron.

{Blood crystal}. See under {Blood}.

{Compound crystal}. See under {Compound}.

{Iceland crystal}, a transparent variety of calcite, or
crystallized calcium carbonate, brought from Iceland, and
used in certain optical instruments, as the polariscope.


{Rock crystal}, or {Mountain crystal}, any transparent
crystal of quartz, particularly of limpid or colorless
quartz.