patronage的意思|patronage的解释-里氏词典

patronage ['pætrәnidʒ]

n. 赞助, 恩赐态度, 光顾, 任免权, 保护人的身分

[经] 光顾, 资助, 赞助

patronage

[ noun ]

the act of providing approval and support

<noun.act>

his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives

customers collectively

<noun.group>

they have an upper class clientele

a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient

<noun.communication>

(politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support

<noun.act>

the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers

<noun.act>

even before noon there was a considerable patronage

[ verb ]

support by being a patron of

<verb.consumption>

be a regular customer or client of

<verb.communication>

We patronize this store
Our sponsor kept our art studio going for as long as he could

Patronage \Pa"tron*age\, n. [F. patronage. Cf. LL. patronaticum,
and L. patronatus.]
1. Special countenance or support; favor, encouragement, or
aid, afforded to a person or a work; as, the patronage of
letters; patronage given to an author.

2. Business custom. [Commercial Cant]

3. Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care. --Addison.

4. The right of nomination to political office; also, the
offices, contracts, honors, etc., which a public officer
may bestow by favor.

5. (Eng. Law) The right of presentation to church or
ecclesiastical benefice; advowson. --Blackstone.

Patronage \Pa"tron*age\, v. t.
To act as a patron of; to maintain; to defend. [Obs.] --Shak.

Richard J. Daley, who controlled a political army through patronage jobs and earned the moniker "Boss" for his iron-fisted grip on both local and national politics, served as Chicago's mayor from 1955 until his death in 1976.
Since it was turned over to Panama in 1979, political patronage has swelled its work force to 430 from 114.
This was followed, 15 years later, by the establishment of a Society of Friends of Art under the patronage of the prince himself and one of the ministers of the time, Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil.
The town centre itself has been undermined, and even divine patronage has not been able to prevent the spire of the Church of the Guardian Angels from starting to lean. Worst of all is the uncertainty.
As a result, the new government will be expected to redirect both small business development aid and state contracts to black companies. Indeed, the precedent of successful National party patronage for Afrikaner business is widely recognised.
There is plenty to say about the dangers of one-party rule, the systematic destruction of local government, the emergence of the patronage state as powerful appointed bodies proliferate and, indeed, Celtic nationalisms.
Last year's elections did not persuade President arap Moi of Kenya to put past patronage policies aside and embrace accountability and transparency.
A unique global outrage was triggered off, but it was clear that it was only an artificial patronage of our people's security against the executioners and their masters.
The Supreme Court today set the stage for an important ruling on political patronage, agreeing to decide whether public employers may be forced to put aside partisanship when hiring, promoting and transferring workers.
It is a peculiar British weakness and stems from the culture of patronage and elitism which remains endemic in our society.
It's true that New York's state legislature recently passed long-sought bills clearing the way for desperately needed school construction and making new rules to curb school board patronage.
MPs rely for patronage on their influence over public sector appointments and contracts.
Cambridge adopted its quirky electoral system in 1941, both as a means of rooting out political patronage and as a promise to newer Portuguese, black, Hispanic and other minority residents.
The new administration will have about 4,300 full-time patronage jobs out of a federal bureaucracy of about 3 million, Untermeyer said.
The PRI's patronage system still goes deep into the country's grass roots, but its power base has been eroding under pressure from growing forces on both the left and right.
A patronage scheme operating out of City Hall was uncovered.
"It's a position that has some patronage, it has jobs," said Paul Kleppner, a social scientist at Northern Illinois University and analyst of Chicago politics.
Derwinski said his years as a Republican congressman from Illinois taught him that members of Congress consider the VA hospitals in their districts to be an inviolable combination of patronage and public works.
Public works of art are compulsory in official buildings in France; this has led to much bad art but also a tradition of municipal and corporate patronage. In the UK, public art is still not widely accepted but this could be changing.
The Big Three are still shackled by a United Auto Workers plant patronage system that pads extra dollars into the cost of each car.
The Glaouis used to rule southern Morocco, and owed much of their fortune to the patronage of the French.
Instead of a survey like the current PBS series "Art of the Western World," this show traces the historical development of different themes such as patronage, training and portraiture.
The Beacon Theater in Manhattan, for example, has consistently sold out because of loyal neighborhood patronage.
That led to a brief job in Washington with Iowa Rep. Neal Smith, after which Mr. Harkin secured a patronage job with the House post office while he and his wife went to law school.
The medal, established in 1984, is intended to honor those who have encouraged the arts and offered inspiration to others through distinguished achievement, support or patronage.
Justice Byron R. White, another conservative, joined the court's four liberals in the affirmative action decisions and in gutting political patronage.
Queen Margrethe was in the Royal Box, a reminder of vital patronage - she has provided admirable design for that most national of Bournonville's works, A Folk Tale - and the audience knew it was there for a family celebration.
In large part, Hezbollah has prospered by dispensing just such patronage.
However, the survey found that VCR ownership boosted fast-food patronage because owners raised their consumption of take-out or delivery items.
David Garth, Mayor Koch's longtime media adviser, says of Mr. Dinkins, "He really is the personification of the patronage system.

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